包含：核心动词、易错名词、高频形容词/副词、关键虚词及场景词汇。
重点标注：音标、词义、固定搭配及考点例句。
一、核心动词 (Verbs) - 句子的引擎
| 单词 | 音标 | 中文 | 高频短语 / 考点用法 |
|---|---|---|---|
| accept | /ək'sept/ | 接受 | accept an invitation (接受邀请); 辨析: receive(收到) vs accept(接受) |
| achieve | /ə'tʃiːv/ | 实现 | achieve one's dream/goal (实现梦想/目标) |
| advise | /əd'vaɪz/ | 建议 | advise sb to do sth (建议某人做某事); n. advice |
| afford | /ə'fɔːd/ | 买得起 | can't afford to do sth (负担不起做某事) |
| allow | /ə'laʊ/ | 允许 | allow sb to do sth; allow doing sth (允许做某事) |
| attend | /ə'tend/ | 出席 | attend a meeting/school (参加会议/上学); 辨析: join(加入团体) |
| avoid | /ə'vɔɪd/ | 避免 | avoid doing sth (避免做某事) - 后接动名词 |
| beat | /biːt/ | 击败 | beat + 人/队 (打败某人); 辨析: win + 比赛/奖品 |
| borrow | /'bɒrəʊ/ | 借入 | borrow sth from sb (向某人借); 辨析: lend(借出) |
| compare | /kəm'peə/ | 比较 | compare...with... (把...和...比较); compare to (把...比作) |
| consider | /kən'sɪdə/ | 考虑 | consider doing sth (考虑做某事); consider sb as (把...看作) |
| cost | /kɒst/ | 花费 | sth costs sb money (物作主语); The car cost me much. |
| decide | /dɪ'saɪd/ | 决定 | decide to do sth; make a decision |
| depend | /dɪ'pend/ | 依靠 | depend on / rely on (取决于; 依靠) |
| encourage | /ɪn'kʌrɪdʒ/ | 鼓励 | encourage sb to do sth (鼓励某人做某事) |
| expect | /ɪk'spekt/ | 期待 | expect sb to do sth (期待某人做...); look forward to doing |
| fail | /feɪl/ | 失败 | fail to do sth (未能做某事); fail the exam (考试不及格) |
| forget | /fə'ɡet/ | 忘记 | forget to do (忘记去做-没做); forget doing (忘记做过-做过了) |
| hang | /hæŋ/ | 悬挂 | hang out (闲逛); 过去式: hung (挂), hanged (绞死) |
| improve | /ɪm'pruːv/ | 改善 | improve English; improve the environment |
| invite | /ɪn'vaɪt/ | 邀请 | invite sb to... (邀请某人去...); Thanks for inviting me. |
| manage | /'mænɪdʒ/ | 设法 | manage to do sth (成功做成某事 = succeed in doing) |
| mind | /maɪnd/ | 介意 | mind doing sth; Would you mind opening the door? |
| offer | /'ɒfə/ | 提供 | offer to do sth (主动提出做); offer sb sth (给某人某物) |
| practice | /'præktɪs/ | 练习 | practice doing sth (练习做某事) |
| prefer | /prɪ'fɜː/ | 更喜欢 | prefer A to B (比B更喜欢A); prefer doing to doing |
| prevent | /prɪ'vent/ | 阻止 | prevent sb from doing sth (= stop/keep sb from doing) |
| provide | /prə'vaɪd/ | 提供 | provide sb with sth; provide sth for sb |
| raise | /reɪz/ | 举起/筹款 | raise one's hand (举手); raise money (筹款); 辨析: rise(上升) |
| refuse | /rɪ'fjuːz/ | 拒绝 | refuse to do sth (拒绝做某事) |
| regret | /rɪ'ɡret/ | 后悔/遗憾 | regret doing (后悔做过); regret to say (遗憾地说) |
| remind | /rɪ'maɪnd/ | 提醒 | remind sb of sth (使某人想起); remind sb to do |
| require | /rɪ'kwaɪə/ | 要求 | require sb to do sth; be required to do |
| spend | /spend/ | 花费 | spend time/money on sth; spend (in) doing |
| suggest | /sə'dʒest/ | 建议 | suggest doing sth (注意: 无 suggest sb to do 结构) |
| volunteer | /vɒlən'tɪə/ | 自愿 | volunteer to do sth; work as a volunteer |
| warn | /wɔːn/ | 警告 | warn sb (not) to do sth (警告某人不要做...) |
二、抽象与易错名词 (Nouns) - 阅读理解关键
| 单词 | 音标 | 中文 | 高频短语 / 考点用法 |
|---|---|---|---|
| accident | /'æksɪdənt/ | 事故 | by accident (偶然地); a car accident |
| advantage | /əd'vɑːntɪdʒ/ | 优势 | take advantage of (利用); 优点与缺点: pros and cons |
| attention | /ə'tenʃn/ | 注意 | pay attention to (注意 - to是介词); attract one's attention |
| chance | /tʃɑːns/ | 机会 | by chance (碰巧); have a chance to do |
| choice | /tʃɔɪs/ | 选择 | make a choice; have no choice but to do (别无选择只能...) |
| condition | /kən'dɪʃn/ | 条件/状况 | living conditions (生活条件); in good condition (状况良好) |
| culture | /'kʌltʃə/ | 文化 | traditional culture; western culture |
| decision | /dɪ'sɪʒn/ | 决定 | make a decision; v. decide |
| development | /dɪ'veləpmənt/ | 发展 | with the development of... (随着...的发展) |
| effort | /'efət/ | 努力 | make an effort to do (努力做...); spare no effort (不遗余力) |
| environment | /ɪn'vaɪrənmənt/ | 环境 | protect the environment |
| experience | /ɪk'spɪəriəns/ | 经验/经历 | 不可数: 经验; 可数: 经历 (an experience) |
| habit | /'hæbɪt/ | 习惯 | develop/form a habit (养成习惯); eating habits |
| influence | /'ɪnfluəns/ | 影响 | have an influence on (对...有影响) |
| information | /ɪnfə'meɪʃn/ | 信息 | a piece of information (不可数名词); much information |
| knowledge | /'nɒlɪdʒ/ | 知识 | Knowledge is power. (不可数名词) |
| patience | /'peɪʃns/ | 耐心 | with patience; run out of patience; adj. patient |
| pollution | /pə'luːʃn/ | 污染 | air/water/noise pollution; v. pollute |
| population | /pɒpju'leɪʃn/ | 人口 | The population is large. (用large/small修饰，不用many) |
| progress | /'prəʊɡres/ | 进步 | make progress (不可数); make great progress |
| purpose | /'pɜːpəs/ | 目的 | on purpose (故意地); the purpose of... |
| research | /rɪ'sɜːtʃ/ | 研究 | do research on (做关于...的研究) |
| skill | /skɪl/ | 技能 | communication skills; social skills |
| suggestion | /sə'dʒestʃən/ | 建议 | 可数名词: a suggestion; make a suggestion |
| symbol | /'sɪmbl/ | 象征 | a symbol of; Red is a symbol of good luck. |
| technology | /tek'nɒlədʒi/ | 科技 | science and technology; modern technology |
| trouble | /'trʌbl/ | 麻烦 | be in trouble; have trouble (in) doing sth |
| value | /'væljuː/ | 价值 | of great value; adj. valuable |
三、形容词与副词 (Adj & Adv) - 词义辨析
| 单词 | 音标 | 中文 | 高频短语 / 考点用法 |
|---|---|---|---|
| absent | /'æbsənt/ | 缺席的 | be absent from (缺席...); n. absence |
| alive | /ə'laɪv/ | 活着的 | 作表语: The fish is alive. (living可作定语: living room) |
| amazing | /ə'meɪzɪŋ/ | 令人惊叹的 | 修饰物; It is amazing that...; 辨析: amazed(人感到...) |
| available | /ə'veɪləbl/ | 可用的/有空的 | be available for; Are you available tonight? |
| awful | /'ɔːfl/ | 糟糕的 | = very bad/terrible; feel awful |
| bored / boring | /bɔːd/ | 无聊的 | bored (人感到无聊) vs boring (物本身无聊) |
| careless | /'keələs/ | 粗心的 | careless mistake; 反义词: careful |
| common | /'kɒmən/ | 常见的/共同的 | in common (共同点); have much in common |
| convenient | /kən'viːniənt/ | 方便的 | It is convenient to do... (不能用人作主语) |
| crowded | /'kraʊdɪd/ | 拥挤的 | be crowded with (挤满了...) |
| dangerous | /'deɪndʒərəs/ | 危险的 | n. danger; in danger (处于危险中) |
| disabled | /dɪs'eɪbld/ | 残疾的 | the disabled (残疾人 - 复数概念) |
| expensive | /ɪk'spensɪv/ | 昂贵的 | 反义词: cheap; 价格高低用 high/low |
| famous | /'feɪməs/ | 著名的 | be famous for (因...著名); be famous as (作为...著名) |
| foreign | /'fɒrən/ | 外国的 | foreign language; foreigner (外国人) |
| friendly | /'frendli/ | 友好的 | be friendly to sb; (它是形容词不是副词) |
| honest | /'ɒnɪst/ | 诚实的 | an honest boy (h不发音，用an); To be honest... |
| interested | /'ɪntrəstɪd/ | 感兴趣的 | be interested in; interesting (有趣的-修饰物) |
| lonely | /'ləʊnli/ | 孤独的 | (心理感受); 辨析: alone (独自一人-客观状态) |
| necessary | /'nesəsəri/ | 必要的 | It is necessary for sb to do... |
| nervous | /'nɜːvəs/ | 紧张的 | feel nervous; get nervous |
| popular | /'pɒpjələ/ | 受欢迎的 | be popular with/among (受...欢迎) |
| private | /'praɪvət/ | 私人的 | private car; It's private. (这是隐私) |
| proud | /praʊd/ | 骄傲的 | be proud of (为...感到自豪); n. pride |
| responsible | /rɪ'spɒnsəbl/ | 负责的 | be responsible for (对...负责) |
| serious | /'sɪəriəs/ | 严肃/严重 | be serious about (对...是认真的); serious illness |
| successful | /sək'sesfl/ | 成功的 | be successful in doing; v. succeed; n. success |
| tired | /'taɪəd/ | 劳累/厌倦 | be tired of (厌烦); be tired from (因...劳累) |
| useful | /'juːsfl/ | 有用的 | a useful book (u发音是辅音/j/，用a); useless (无用的) |
| whole | /həʊl/ | 整个的 | the whole world; 辨析: all the world |
四、必考虚词与时间词 (Grammar & Topics)
| 分类 | 重点词汇与用法 |
|---|---|
| 方位介词 | across(穿过表面),through(穿过内部),over(上方),above(位置高于),among(三者以上),between(两者之间),against(倚靠/反对) |
| 时间介词 | in(年/月/季节),on(具体某天),at(时刻),since(+时间点/从句),for(+一段时间),during(期间) |
| 连词 | although/though(虽然 - 不与but连用),unless(除非=if not),until(直到...为止),while(然而/当...时),whether(是否) |
| 频度副词 | always(100%) >usually>often>sometimes>seldom(很少) >hardly(几乎不) >never(0%) |
| 星期与月份 | Wednesday (周三-易拼错), February (二月-易拼错), August, September, October |
| 特殊疑问词 | How often(频度),How soon(多久以后),How long(多长时间),How far(距离) |
